451 
*55 116 



AN ADDRESS 



DELIVERED Bf.KOKK THK 



XtfEnkrtr-irEJFLSIE^K- ST.A.TJEI 



AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY, 



CAMDEN. FF'DAY. SEPTEMBER 21st. 1855. 



HON. JACOB W. MILLER 



TO WHICH IS M'I'KM)KI) 



gdi (Mirial fist of frnniums 



AWARDED BY THE BO< HIV. 



V* FR AZEE'S PRESS. SOMERVILLE, N.J. 



185 ft. 



AN ADDRESS 



DELIVERED BEFORE THE 



INTET^-JERSBY STATE 



AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY, 



CAMDEN", FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 21st, 1855, 



HON. JACOB W. MILLER; 



TO WHICH IS ATI-ENDED 



%\\ ©trial fist of premiums 



AWARDED BV THE SOCIETY. 






V> FRAZEE'S PRESS, SOMERVILLE, N. J. 
1855. 



ADDEESS 

BT 

Hon. JACOB W. MILLER, of New-Jersey. 



This is the first exhibition held by the only State Agricul- 
tural Society ever formed in New-Jersey. The occasion is fuU 
of present interest, and bright with future hope. And I thank your 
Executive Committee for the privilege which I enjoy, of taking 
part in a transaction which is to give new life and vigor to the 
most important branch of industry in our State, and a new impulse 
to the awakening ambition of its Yeomanry. This is no ordinary, 
Association. It is an assembly of the Cultivators of the Soil, sur- 
rounded by the rich and beautiful productions of their own labor', 
freemen and freeholders, representing the most numerous class of 
persons, and the largest amount of property in the State; and 
holding in their hands the natural wealth of New- Jersey, the sta- 
bility of her government, and the prosperity of her people. 

This is no party caucus, no political convention, scrambling for 
the spoils of office — no mercenary combination of speculators in 
lands or stocks. Your Union looks to nobler objects and to more 
enduring results ; to the development of the great freehold interest 
of New-Jersey, by increasing the value of every aero of land, and 
by giving new productive power to every farm in the State. You* 
highest ambition is to improve the homesteads of your fathers, and 
to transmit them adorned and enriched by your labor, a still noble* 
inheritance for your children. 

In addressing such an assembly, I seem to be speaking to the 
Country itself; and I feel that it is no idle flattery to call you the 
sovereign people, for you control that power upon which alt 
sovereignty rests — the power of numbers and of wealth. 

From our earliest history, associations for the promotion of 



industrial pursuits have not only existed, but have been greatly 
encouraged in New-Jersey. And there is hardly a business or an 
occupation, in the pursuit of which, men have not combined their 
enterprise, labor and wealth, in order to obtain additional influence 
and power: yet, strange to say, the farmers of New-Jersey have 
not, until this time, sought the advantages of mutual aid and united 
action, for the promotion of agricultural interests. Domestic in 
their habits, and isolated by the nature of their profession, they 
have held aloof from combination, and remained contented in the 
enjoyment of a glorious independence. 

But while Agriculture has been thus left to individual exertion, 
other industrial pursuits have adopted a different course of policy. 
Labor, abandoning the cultivation of the land for more profitable 
employment, has combined with capital and enterprise under various 
forms and different names, for the promotion of manufactures, for 
the encouragement of commerce, for the improvement of the me- 
chanic arts, and for the construction of canals and railroads. These 
associations, encouraged by private capital, and patronized by the 
State, have produced astonishing results, both upon individual 
fortunes and upon the public prosperity. And to such an extent 
have they pushed their associated advantages, that if we regard 
only the dividend reports of corporations, and the annual pro- 
ceedings of the Legislature, we would conclude that all the wealth 
of New-Jersey was incorporated in her Railroads and Canals, Banks 
and Manufacturing Companies, and that agriculture was an interest 
of not sufficient consequence to be worthy of a place in any statis- 
tical reports or legislative documents. I know that these important 
enterprizes have their time and place, and far be it from me to 
undervalue them, or to speak of them as hostile to the cause of 
agriculture. Manufactures add value to the productions of the 
earth, and increase the demand for food and raiment; railroads 
give facility to intercourse and cheapen transportation ; Banks con- 
centrate capital and stimulate labor; the mechanic arts, as by the 
wand of an enchanter, transform the rough and raw material into 
new forms and varieties, giving to them by the change additional 
value, beauty and use ; while commerce opens the channels of 
foreign trade, and thus enables us to exchange our domestic produc- 
tions for those of other countries. Yet all these, great and useful 



as they are, are only the results of a higher productive power. 
They are but the blossom and the fruit of the tree, which derives 
all its life and vigor from the land upon which it is planted. They 
are but signs of prosperity, useful instruments for the development 
of natural resources, and like numerous streams flowing from a 
higher origin, they require to be continually fed and sustained 
from the permanent fountains of national wealth. They may for 
a while stimulate labor, accumulate capital, and increase the public 
revenue; but, unless we sustain the fountain and husband the ele- 
ments of their supply, these streams will become like the ancient 
canals of Egypt, which once bore upon their living waters, the vast 
productions of a well-sustained and highly cultivated agriculture, 
dry and desolate channels, profitless and useless. 

The wealth of New Jersey lies in her lands, in the happy and 
convenient location of her territory, in its capability of improve- 
ment, and its proximity to markets. These advantages are natural 
and permanent. Tbey lie at the foundation of the public weal, and 
upon their improvement depends the future prosperity of the State. 
Hitherto, agriculture has not received in New-Jersey that consider- 
ation which its importance demands. Forgotten amidst the excite- 
ment of politics, and pushed aside in the scramble of mercenary 
projects, it has been neglected both by people and governmcnt- 
Without political influence, it holds no controlling position in the 
administration of public affairs, while for want of union of thought 
and concert of action among its friends, it has never acquired that 
influence and power which associated wealth and combined effort 
have given to many less important pursuits. 

To give to agriculture its true position, to raise it from a mere 
private employment into a business and an art, to clothe it with 
social and political influence that it may be respected, honored and 
encouraged, is a duty to be performed by the farmers of New-Jersey, 
imposed upon them as well by their interest as by their patriotism. 
You have taken the first step towards the discharge of this 
high duty by the formation of a State Agricultural Society. Aided 
by County Auxiliary Associations, this, the parent institution, may 
make its usefulness seen and felt throughout the State, by ascer- 
taining the condition of agricultural improvement in each rural 
district, and by collecting and disseminating practical information 



relative to new modes of* cultivation, to novel experiments in hus- 
bandry, to improvements in farming machinery, and to those dis- 
coveries in science which bear upon the fertilization and improve- 
.ment of soils. But the object of your association must not stop 
,here. You have a greater work than this to perform for agriculture. 
Knowledge is power; and it is as necessary in the cultivation 
of land, as in the improvement of mind. It is as essential to 
■the farmer as to those in the highest grade of the professions. It 
may differ in kind and degree ; but without a thorough knowledge 
of his business the farmer can never, unless by accident, or luck, 
advance his private, or social position. He may be able to retain 
.the primeval condition of earning his bread by the sweat of his 
brow, but being ignorant of that great fund of information which 
the experience of ages and the thoughts of generations of men have 
collected for his improvement and advancement, he will stand 
where the first husbandman stood, dependent upon the spontaneous* 
productions of the earth, but without the advantage which he en- 
joyed of having no competitor in his business. 

We have passed the normal age of farming. We have reached 

a point when Agriculture requires for its success something moro 

'than physical labor. The head must co-operate with the hand. 

The mind must direct the labor of the body. Art and science are 

no Lnger separated from the business of men ; theory has been 

" reduced to practice ; learning has left the cloister ; and philosophy 

has come down from the clouds ; vulcan no longer forges his in- 

' struments beneath the ocean, and the classic deities have descended 

upon the earth to dwell and labor with men ; and now, chemistry 

opens wide her laboratory and daily sends forth her experiments 

for common use ; art and science hold an open market for the 

display of every variety of implements and machinery, while from 

institutes, lecture rooms and colleges, knowledge is poured forth in 

a thousand streams. 

These facilities for the acquisition of knowledge have produced 
^heir effect upon all the industrial pursuits, stimulating, enlarging, 
and ennobling every lawful employment, producing upon every 
field of enterprise an active competition between mind and matter, 
' between thought and labor, and exciting to the highest point of 
activity the mental and physical energies of men. In this onward. 



upward movement, Agriculture cannot maintain even its relative 
position, unless it make use of those sources of knowledge which 
the wisdom and learning of the age have placed within its reach. 
And in speaking thus, we would not be understood as depreciating 
manual labor, or practical skill, for we know that without either of 
these education and learning produce but small results. But what 
we wish to enforce is, that the farmer should add to his labor, 
knowledge, and to his practical skill, the aids of art and science, and 
so relieve the one of its toil, and increase the effective power of the 
other; that he should entirely understand his business; that he 
should be influenced in his modes of cultivation by the nature of 
the soil which he tills; that he should be thoroughly versed in the 
mechanics of agriculture ; that he should be familiar with the 
history and various breeds of animals; that he should study th* 
energies and watch the effects of the vast elements of nature which 
surround him, the earth and the water, and the air with its benign 
agencies of light, heat and moisture ; that he should explore 
the hidden stores of mineral and vegetable treasures which have 
been laid up for him for ages, and which by their mysterious in- 
fluences and wonderful combinations, so largely increase and beau- 
tify the productions of agricultural labor. 

We do not expect every farmer in New-Jersey to be thus com- 
pletely educated in all the arts and mysteries which appertain to his 
occupation. Such a consummation is not possible in any pursuit. 
All philosophers are not Newtons, neither are all lawyers Black- 
stones. But this is no reason why farmers, as a class, as well as thf 
members of the learned professions, should not gather wisdom and 
knowledge from every department of literature and science which 
will advance their occupation and ennoble their condition. With- 
out appropriate education law becomes petty fogging — medicine 
quackery, and farming grubbing. But it may be said that the 
nature of the farmer's business is such that he has neither time nor 
means to devote to the acquisition of knowledge. There is much 
force in this objection, and I see no way of removing the difficult} 
suggested, except by adopting some plan which will give to even 
farmer the means and opportunity of improvement. It is one of 
the objects of this Association to overcome tin's difficulty, to accom- 
plish by combination that which independent exertion cannoj 



6 

attain. Although engaged in a common occupation, you pursue 
vour business upon separate farms, in different localities. You use 
various instruments, and work upon many kinds of soil subject to a 
thousand varieties and changes of climate and exposure. Under 
these conflicting circumstances, you have assembled to-day from 
every part of the State to receive and impart information. You are 
here to interchange ideas and experiences, to compare machinery 
and practices, to exhibit rare productions and choice animals, and, 
above all, to stimulate and exalt the intellectual faculties by reci- 
procal contact and by honorable rivalry. 

By associations like this, where practice and theory, thought 
and labor unite in holding an open exhibition of their joint produc- 
tions, we are brought into familiar intercourse with philosophy and 
science. We see and handle their works, and learn how and in 
what manner their profound teachings may be made available and 
useful in relieving the toil and in lightening the labor of the 
husbandman. "We become acquainted with mechanism by looking 
at that improved plough, or by examining that newly invented 
mewing machine. We are introduced to chemistry by those rare 
and richer grains and vegetables which her art has taught us to 
produce by analyzing our soils, and by the selection of the proper 
fertilizing agents. We become the companions of Geology, as pass- 
ing over our fields she detects the hidden treasures of mine and 
quarry which lie concealed beneath the soil. And we learn to 
revere them all as they open to our view the mysteries of Nature, 
and teach us how the great elements may be made co-workers with 
us in the production of grain and vegetables, of fruits and flowers. 
Here, also, bookmen and philosophers may learn a lesson, from 
your practical knowledge, in the failure of many a favorite theory 
and in the ex; losion of many a visionary project, killed stone — 
dead by the test of actual experiment. And thus by union and 
communion of thought and action, of the minds which invent, and 
the hands which use, we may become acquainted with the 
highest teachings of philosophy, with the results which have been 
thought out, worked out, tried and established by the joint efforts of 
intellect and labor. 

This Society may also do much for the advancement of the gen- 
eral intelligence of the farmer, by encouraging the publication of 



periodicals and newspapers devoted to agricultural interests. We 
all know the power and influence of the public press in any cause 
to which it may set its types, how it can build up and pull down, 
advance or retard the prosperity and pursuits of men. While every 
other enterprise of the day has availed itself of this power by daily 
and weekly publications, there has not been, until within the last 
year, a single newspaper in New-Jersey exclusively devoted to 
Agriculture. Why should this have been so? Why should not 
the farmers, the most numerous and the most useful class in the 
State, have their organ of communication through which they may 
communicate with each other and with the public, as to what is 
going on upon their wide and rich field of operation ; proclaiming 
the triumphs of labor and art as they are achieved day by 'lay 
upon a thousand farms, giving publicity to every improvement in 
machinery, and recording every advancement in cultivation ; ap- 
proving every well-attested experiment; extolling the superior 
intelligence and skill of the farmer who produces the best crops and 
raises the choicest stocks, and doing honor to those pioneers in 
Agriculture, those Fultons in husbandry whose inventive genius and 
indomitable courage have led them to devote their lives and 
fortunes to the discovery of new elements of productive power? 
There are heroesin agriculture as well as in war. There arc farmers 
as well as statesmen who deserve the approbation of their country- 
men. And if more credit were given to the one, and less puffing to 
the other, the country would be none the worse for it. Every 
honest business, as well as every lawful profession, may be encour- 
aged by giving publicity to its transactions, and the press in New- 
Jersey may do much to stimulate the ambition of our fanners, and 
to improve and ennoble the agriculture of the State. 

But there are sources of knowledge essential to the development 
of the material wealth of the nation which lie beyond the reach of 
individuals, or of private associations. 

All wise aud liberal governments give aid and encouragement 
to those leading occupations of men, which are of public conse- 
quence and lie at the foundation of national power and wealth. 
Upon this principle our national policy of internal improvements is 
founded. It is this policy which grants patent rights to invention 
in mechanics, and secures copyrights to the works of literature — 



8 

gives aid to commerce, and lends encouragement to manufactures. 
And has agriculture no claims upon government ? Has the public 
no interest in its advancement ? Are barren lands and unproductive 
farms of no detriment to the republic? Is not the increase of 
agricultural productions essential to the advancement of population? 
Is not the land the foster mother of national existence, and are not 
an intelligent and virtuous yeomanry ihe life-guard of liberty? 
About a year ago, our Legislature acknowledged the just claims of 
agriculture to a share of public patronage, by the passage of an act 
authorizing a geological survey of the State. That work is now- 
progressing under the direction of a highly intelligent board of 
engineers, and promises to produce results greatly beneficial to our 
agricultural and mineral interests. Besides the geographical survey, 
it will, I understand, give us a topographical map of the State, 
designating not only the different kinds of soil, earth and mineral of 
each district, but also the relative elevations of every section of land 
in New-Jersey. This latter portion of the work will be of great 
practical use in aid of that important branch of agricultural im- 
provement — the drainage and irrigation of lands. There are 
thousands of acres in New-Jersey now lying useless, or greatly 
retarded in their cultivation, which the information provided by 
this survey, may be the means of converting into productive farms. 
The appropriations made for this purpose have been ratified by the 
people of New Jersey. And I trust that this is but the beginning 
of a policy, which shall go on from year to year with increased 
liberality, until Agriculture shall be placed in that position, upon 
which its importance entitles it to stand, commanding the attention 
of the Legislature, and receiving its full share of the patronage of 
our State. 

In making this claim for Agriculture, I do not wish to be under- 
stood as asking for the farmers of New-Jersey any exclusive 
privileges ; that their business should be pampered by legislative 
bounties, their fortunes increased by partial legislation, or their 
influence as a class secured by monopolies. For I know that 
advantages so selfish and obnoxious, would be rejected by our 
independent and patriotic yeomanry. 

But I ask rather for that, which they have a right to demand 
from the State, that higher and more comprehensive patronage, 
which the enlarged means of a wise and liberal government can 



9 

alone give in aid of progress and improvement ; by opening new 
sources of agricultural wealth ; by developing those rich treasures of 
nature which lie hidden beneath the earth ; by making, or aiding 
in the construction of, new and convenient roads and ways to 
market; by removing local and natural obstructions which cannot 
be overcome by individual exertion ; by abolishing those difficulties 
and hindrances which rival interests and a partial legislation have 
thrown in the way of a full development of our agricultural re- 
sources. Such a policy wisely and systematically pursued, will not 
only advance Agriculture, but will also give renewed life and vigor 
to every other industrial pursuit, and thereby increase public wealth, 
and in the end richly remunerate your State treasury by returning 
its one talent appropriation, multiplied ten-fold, by the labor and 
enterprise of the people. 

But no general system of agricultural improvement can be of 
much practical use without a corresponding advancement in intelli- 
gence, in those for whose benefit it is intended. States may bank- 
rupt their treasuries in opening natural sources of wealth ; science 
may exhaust her power in revealing the mysteries of nature, and 
art tax her ingenuity to the utmost for new and available machinery ; 
yet, unless the minds and hands of the practical farmer be educated- 
in the use and improvement of those advantages, they will become 
like some of the richest bounties of nature, wasted by neglect, or 
perverted by ignorance. 

In this view of the subject permit me to call attention to those 
two important and hitherto neglected branches of a farmer's educa- 
tion, namely, Mechanics and Chemistiy. 

The use of machinery is an index by which we can measure thfe 
steps, by which society rises from sloth to industry, from poverty to 
wealth, from barbarism to civilization, from privation to luxury. 
Two centuries ago, it was regarded as a sacrilegious imitation of 
the gifts of God, a tempting of Providence, to winnow grain by ma- 
chinery ; since then, yearly improvements have been made on the 
plough, the harrow, the wagon, the harness, the stable, barn and 
every appendage of the farm. The comforts of the laborer have 
kept pace with every advance ; and he is now as fully employed, 
and his domestic wants are more amply gratified than at any former 
period. To America belongs the honor of the mowing and reaping 
machine ; inventions, reflecting upon our country a glory more be- 



10 

nignant than the achievements of Jackson or Scott, the eloquence 
of Webster or Calhoun. 

But while a farmer must, in order to keep up with the age, 
make use of these labor-saving but complex contrivances, it follows, 
that in order to manage them to advantage, he must understand the 
nature of their construction, and know something of mechanic 
powers and principles. Yet his prosperity depends not on these 
alone. His mind must take a wider range. He must study nature 
under a more general aspect ; for questions of another sort will 
arise. When and where is the subsoil plough to be put in motion 1 
To fertilize one field where clay predominates, another of loam, 
another of sand ; one moist, another dry ; what should be the in- 
gredients of his compost ? It is obvious that the application fertil- 
izing one field would be detrimental to another. Barn-yard manure 
with lime and plaster was formerly the only fertilizer. But now, 
we have guano and many artificial stimulants of various potencies 
and qualities, appropriate to every soil and condition of land. If 
the farmer would employ these various agents, he must learn to 
discriminate their distinctive influences and operations. Nor is it 
possible to accomplish this task, unless his attention be directed to 
scientific chemistry. Mechanics and Chemistry are then essential 
to the education of the farmer, if he desire not to be left behind the 
intelligence and prosperity of the country. It becomes, then, an 
important inquiry, when, how, and at what expense he can acquire 
these accomplishments. 

To the honor of our State be it said, that by prudence and 
economy, a very respectable sum has accumulated for our School 
fund, and by incorporation into our educational scheme, these 
sciences might be brought within the reach of every youth ; not in 
their full breadth as if philosophers and civil engineers were want- 
ed, but in the limited extent applicable to rural affairs. Still the 
difficulty remains, how to obtain instructors of even such limited 
erudition for every school district in New-Jersey. Most fortunately 
the difficulty is surmounted, if we avail ourselves of the passing 
conjuncture. The last Legislature made provision for a Normal 
institution, intended to educate a race of masters for the district 
schools. Professors of chemistry and natural philosophy could 
sufficiently instruct the young preceptors, or, as in some colleges, 
a professor of agriculture might teach the branches of science con- 



11 

nected with rural economy. From this source would be derived a 
series of teachers and scholars, who, spreading over the country, 
would confer respectability and dignity upon the purest, most 
virtuous and most important of human avocations. No extra time 
need be employed, no extra expense incurred, and the farmers of 
New-Jersey would become as noted for intelligent industry, as their 
grandfathers were for valorous patriotism. 

States, like individuals, frequently mistake their natural cap- 
abilities. Discarding the means within their grasp, and forsaking 
the ways open and accessible to their powers, they seek to obtain 
wealth and distinction through paths too rugged and too obstructed 
to be pursued with success, by their limited physical and mental 
strength. Time and experience rectify these mistakes of youth, 
and bring nations as well as individuals to their senses, compelling 
them to perform that work which nature, position, and circum- 
stances have assigned as their sphere of operation. We may 
illustrate this truth, by a brief reference to the agricultural 
history of New-Jersey. 

In looking back to the earliest settlements of the State, we find 
that they were made without much reference to the fertility of the 
soil. In search of higher objects our fathers overlooked the 
advantages of private fortune and individual gain, and built their log 
cabins upon any land where they might freely enjoy that which 
was first in their hearts, the blessings of religious and civil liberty. 
Except in a few favored localities, upon the Delaware and the 
Raritan, agriculture was pursued for many years throughout the 
Colony rather as a necessity than as a business. 

After the establishment of our free institutions, when security 
to property, advancing population, and increasing wealth, began to 
show their influence, in giving direction to the labor and enterprise 
of men, and in shaping the destiny of the State, agriculture seems 
to have been the only employment which did not feel the effect of 
these renovating influences. Without any controlling competitors in 
commerce, and possessing a large extent of sea coast, with bays and 
rivers equal to any of our neighbors; public attention v>as at first 
directed to foreign trade, and we made various attempts to establish 
sea-ports, and to build commercial cities. But we were soon driven 
from this enterprise by the rapid growth and accumulated capital 
of the magnificent commercial cities on the opposite sides of the 



12 

Delaware and Hudson ; and New- York and Philadelphia soon 
taught us, that our road to fortune was not upon the high seas. 

We then essayed to become a manufacturing State, believing that 
with our rich minerals and other natural advantages, we might suc- 
cessfully compete with others, and advance the prosperity of our 
people. But struggling with tariffs, high and low ; with protection 
and with free trade ; with foreign capital and domestic competition ; 
with Old England and New England; we have not gained any 
superiority in this field of enterprise — saving always the advantages 
secured by the unrivaled skill of our mechanics, and those impreg- 
nable Iron Mountains, which defy both foreign and domestic foes. 

We have also been now and then led away into those more 
crooked and dubious ways which modern ingenuity has invented to 
enrich a State. And although not tempted quite so far astray as 
some of our sister States, yet we too have had our day of specula- 
tions and humbugs, in lands and stocks, in tilings corporeal and 
incorporeal, in Multicaulis trees, without silk to spin, and in long- 
shore banks without money to pay their notes. 

In these various attempts to obtain wealth and distinction, by direct- 
ing the labor and enterprise of our people toward some favorite pur- 
suit, the improvement of our lands formed no part of the policy of 
the State. And while our statute books are full of laws, private 
and public, local and general, for the promotion of almost every 
business in which men were engaged ; agriculture nowhere appears 
as the object of legislative encouragement, except now and then in 
an act for the protection of sheep by giving a liberal reward for the 
destruction of wolves. 

Neglecting our natural and true sources of wealth, and wasting 
our energies in seeking prosperity through ways obstructed and 
inaccessible, the State acquired little, or no distinction in any 
industrial pursuit. Our foreign commerce was absorbed into that 
of New-York ; our manufactures contending for a doubtful exist- 
ence, and our lands neglected and unimproved, yielded neither 
grain, fruit nor vegetables sufficient for the supply of domestic 
wants. The statistics of those days present a sad picture of the 
surplus productions of New-Jersev. The exports of the State, as 
we read in the old Gazetteers and Geographies, consisted of bar-iron, 
Newark Cider, with a few Cranberries and Terrapins. 

Thus New-Jersey, holding a position, territorial, social and 



13 

political, equal to all, and superior to many, of the old Thirteen 
States, lost its relative rank in the onward march of National 
prosperity ; fell back in private and public fortune, in productions, 
and in population ; until at length, a Jerseyman in contending for 
the honor and dignity of his State, had nothing to stand upon, but 
that which he had inherited, the glorious distinction which the 
valor and patriotism of his fathers had impressed upon the land. 
But time and experience came to our relief. Those two neighbor- 
ing cities which had drained our capital, absorbed our commerce, 
and monopolized our trade, could not deprive us of our lands, nor 
change our territorial position. In possession of these durable 
advantages, it was found that we could make those great empo- 
riums of commerce tributary to our advancement ; and that New- 
York and Philadelphia with their millions of population, might be 
made dependent for the supply of their daily markets, upon the 
productions of our soil. Under these brighter prospects husbandry 
in New-Jersey commenced a new era. No longer a mere drudgery, 
toilsome and profitless, it became a lucrative business, commanding 
alike the capital, the enterprise, and the intelligence of our people. 
Its rapid progress is seen in the increased value of our lands, and 
in the beauty and multiplication of their products, in the improved 
breed of stocks, in the selection of better seeds, and in the new 
varieties of fruits. We admire it in those more beautiful develop- 
ments of husbandry which combine taste and beauty, witli the rough 
and useful; uniting horticulture with agriculture, the flowers of the 
garden, and the fruits of the orchard, with the wheat and the corn. 
We enjoy it in the improved style and comfort of each homestead, 
and in the advancing intelligence of our farmers. And we see it 
demonstrated by the rapid increase of our population, and by thx> 
higher prosperity of the State. 

Your Executive Committee have published some important 
statistics, relative to the growth of our agriculture, during the ten 
years next preceding the taking of the census of 1850. Those 
tables show that you have increased your wheat crop from 77 l,2PS 
bushels in 1840, to 1,601,190 in 1850; your oat crop from 
3,083,524 to 3,378,063 ; your corn crop from 4,361,975 to 8,359,- 
704, making an aggregate increase from those three great atapk 
productions of 5,519,255 bushels. They show, moreov.r, tli.it yon 
raised in 1850, 4,000,000 bushels of potatoes, that the yearly pro- 



14 

ducts of your market gardens amounted to the sum of $475,243, 
and that the annual fruits of your orchards are worth $607,268. 

These statistics also show, what is still more flattering to our 
State pride, that whatever may he our position in other branches of 
industry, we have attained a relative pre-eminence over New- York 
and Pennsylvania, in the improvement of our soil, and in the value 
of our farming lands. The Census also discloses another important 
fact, that, together with the increased products of our lands, and as 
a consequence thereof, our popolation has equally advanced, sur- 
passing in its annual ratio, even that of the Empire State. These 
statistics demonstrate the theory which I have endeavored to estab- 
lish, that agriculture is the true source of our prosperity ; that by 
its development we may increase private wealth and secure national 
distinction, give encouragement to labor and stability to business, 
and thereby secure to ourselves those two great elements of power, 
increasing production, and advancing population. But although 
there is much in the improvement of the past to encourage, yet there 
is nothing which should warrant inaction, or neglect for the future. 
"We live in a remarkable age. The thoughts of men are aggressive 
and progressive, daily contriving new modes of operation, and 
scheming new ways to wealth. The advancement of to-day is sur- 
passed by the higher point gained to-morrow. The last year's method 
of culture is surpassed by the improved method of this. The old 
patent plough gives way to the new. The time-honored sickle and 
the scythe are driven from your harvest fields by McCormick's 
newly-invented reaper, while the barn-floor music of the flail is lost 
in the noisy clatter of the threshing machine. The epochs through 
which our globe has passed have been characterized by the names 
of various metals. There has been the Golden Age, the Silver Age, 
and the Iron Age. The Era in which we live, might be called with 
propriety the Quicksilver Age ; for everything seems on the move. 
Each individual particle quivers in trembling haste to run upon its 
neighbor ; and thus forms a massive body, which, when once formed, 
rolls into some crooked direction which neither mathematics could 
calculate, nor wisdom foretell. Politics, manufactures, navigation, 
every science, every art seems pregnant with revolution, and heav- 
ing into new birth. Even Agriculture, the oldest and most univer- 
sal of human pursuits, seems inspired by the genius of innovation. 
Let not, therefore, the old farmer, surrounded by his broad acres, 



15 

suppose that he can intrench himself behind the natural advantages 
of soil and location, and defy the inroads of modern improvement ; 
for, before he is aware, some invention of art, or discovery in science 
may deprive him of his natural superiority. Let him remember 
that in these days of marvellous inventions, soils may be manufac- 
tured and lands transmuted; that under the influence of new 
fertilizing agents, and an improved mode of cultivation, neglected 
sand plains and barren hills are brought into successful competition 
with the richest alluvial lands ; and wheat and corn, vegetables and 
fruits are made to flourish, where neither grass nor grain ever grew 
before ! 

And your competitors are not confined to the State. Railroads 
and canals have brought you into contact with the farmers of 
almost every State in the Union ; with the virgin and teeming soil 
of the mighty West, where sowing the seed and reaping the harvest 
constitute the principal labor of the husbandman ; with the colder 
and less fertile lands of the North and East, where Yankee inven- 
tion and enterprize have overcome the disadvantages of soil and cli- 
mate ; and with the inexhaustible plantations of the South, where 
the warmer sun and glowing atmosphere produce the first vegetables 
and ripen the earliest fruits. In contending with all these, you 
have the advantage of position, near the great central markets of 
the country. This advantage, great as it is, may be overcome by 
the superior skill and intelligence of our rivals. Position, personal 
or territorial, is only a starting point. All its advantages may be 
lost by resting upon it in sloth and idleness. Several of our Sister 
States are making every effort, social and physical, for the advance- 
ment of their agriculture. They have their well-adjusted system! 
of County and State Associations incorporated by law, and encour- 
aged and sustained by public patronage. In these States, the de- 
velopment of this great branch of industry has become a public 
concern, and holds a department in the administration of govern- 
ment, with appropriate bureaux and officers, who make annual report* 
of the transactions of agriculture, carefully collected from every 
County in the State. Under this well-appointed system, agriculture 
becomes connected with public improvements; gives direction to 
railroads aud canals; controls scientific explorations and geological 
surveys ; forms alliances with kindred employments ; becomes asso- 
ciated with learning and art; gives tone to public sentiment; 



16 

elevates labor, improves the taste, and enlarges the intelligence of 
every farmer in the State. 

This is not a mere fancy sketch. Last fall, I enjoyed the priv- 
ilege of witnessing the effects of such a system upon the agriculture 
of New-England. The place was not one of those favored rural 
districts, blessed by nature with a rich soil and a salubrious climate. 
It was not among a people whose sources of wealth were in the 
land. It was in Massachusetts, in that county which extends along 
her bleak and rocky coasts, in that town, whose inhabitants are 
more noted for ploughing the ocean in search of whales, than for 
ploughing the land for the cultivation of grain. Yet even there, 
among those ocean cliffs and rugged hills, among fishermen and 
sailors, I saw an exhibition of agricultural productions and imple- 
ments of husbandry, which in variety, quality and beauty, would 
put to shame the productions of some of the most favored agricul- 
tural districts of the Union. 

And thus, Massachusetts, although the poorest in natural re- 
sources, by her enterprise, invention and art, by her associated 
science and intelligent wealth, has overcome the disadvantages of 
soil and climate, and taken the first rank among the States, in ex- 
perimental and practical husbandry. 

Now, the fact which I wish to impress upon the farmers of New- 
Jersey, is this ; that, in order to maintain even their relative rank, 
it will not do for them to rest upon their natural advantages of soil, 
climate and location, but that, having these elements of power, 
they should improve upon them by all those means of development 
which are now used and employed by the farmers of other States. 
Then, and not until then, can we realize the full advantage of our 
territorial position. Physical superiority can only be held by 
maintaining intellectual equality. With equal knowledge and en- 
terprise, united to their superior natural advantages, the farmers of 
New-Jersey may defy all competition. You may not be able, by 
reason of your limited territory, to compete with the larger States 
in the great staples — wheat, corn and cattle ; yet, even in these, 
your proximity to the markets secures the advantage of choosing 
the time of sale, when the prices are at the highest point. But in 
all those rare and delicate productions of husbandry, whose value 
depends so much upon their being brought into market at the 
right time, and in the proper condition, you have an incalculable 
advantage, which can only be lost by your neglec 1to improve it. 



17 

Horticulture has become a most important branch of husbandry. 
No longer confined to narrow enclosures, set apart upon each farm 
for the cultivation of vegetables, fruits and flowers for domestic use, 
or to those more distinguished grounds, which taste and wealth 
have adorned with choice fruits and rare plants, giving local repu- 
tation to individual country seats. It has become a component 
part of husbandry, converting whole farms into cultivated gardens, 
and large plantations into fruitful orchards. Combining the orna- 
mental with the useful, it imports exotic trees and plants, and ex- 
ports the domestic ; makes merchandize of flowers and shrubs, loads 
rail-road cars with tons of vegetables, and freights ships with car- 
goes of fruits. This new and enlarged field of agricultural enter- 
prize is open to you, to be improved to any extent, to which indus- 
try and intelligence can advance cultivation. It is in this, that 
you may realize to the fullest extent, your peculiar natural advan- 
tage of location. It is here, that you may compensate for our rela- 
tive territorial inferiority, by making our lands worth double those 
of any other State in the Union. It is by this, that you may make 
our sand hills equal in productive value to the richest soils of the 
West, and successfully compete with all rivals in the variety and 
delicacy of your productions. In this field so appropriate to your 
exertions, you may give distinction to the agriculture of New-Jersey 
and make it alike the instrument of private wealth, and of public 
prosperity. There is probably no other State in the Union, in 
which so many branches of agriculture can be pursued to advan- 
tage. Commencing with the northern counties : Sussex with her 
natural meadows and rich upland pastures, abounds in perennial 
streams flowing from her mineral mountains, affording the richest 
grazing grounds, and securing the most successful dairies; •while 
Warren and Hunterdon with their lime-stone hills, rich in calca- 
reous and organic matter, and abounding in deposits of those 
natural fertilizers, lime, peat and muck, contain the richest, but not 
yet the most highly improved lands in the State, and are particu- 
larly adapted to the cultivation of wheat and corn. Passing thence 
into the counties of Somerset, Mercer and Middlesex, the broader 
valleys of the Raritan and Millstone open wider fields for the pro- 
duction of all kinds of grain and grass ; while the southern tier of 
counties stretching from Monmouth to Cape May, with their alluvial 



18 

formations, their sandy and clay loam, and their rich beds of marl, 
underlying a light and tillable surface, with a climate moderated 
by ocean breezes, furnish us with an agricultural district unrivalled 
in its adaptation to the production of every variety of the choicest 
fruits and vegetables, containing also many favorite locations, such 
as those of the townships of Cumberland, and in Salem, that Queen 
of the harvest, where wheat and corn luxuriate in a fertility, which 
admits of no exhaustion. And even in that less favored region of 
the State, extending from Morris to Bergen, all the land not covered 
by rocks and minerals, or occupied by prosperous cities and flourish- 
ing villages, may be made productive farms and fruitful orchards. 

With these diversities of soil, we have also great varieties in 
climate. Our territory extends through, three degrees of latitude, 
' from Carpenter's Point, where the snows of winter frequently keep 
May-day, to the sunny capes of the Delaware, where neither the 
early nor the latter frosts prevent the ripening of tropical fruits and 
plants. The physical features of our territory are also peculiar. 
That part of the State called mountainous, is so broken up into hills 
and valleys, that there is little or no obstruction of communication. 
Streams having their sources within a short distance from each other, 
flow in opposite directions into the Hudson and Delaware ; while 
mountain lakes situate on the same range of hills, send their waters 
East and West ; and Lake Hopatcong from its lofty elevation pours 
its waters down either side of the mountain, to feed both sections of 
the Morris Canal ; and even the waters of the Delaware are made to 
flow across the State, carrying ships and boats into the Raritan 
Bay. Everywhere among those fertile valleys and picturesque 
hills, nature has formed accessible ways of intercourse from county 
to county, which require only the aid of enterprise and science to 
become great highways of commerce. The work has been com- 
menced, and even now all the northern and eastern counties are 
connected in closer social and business relations, by railroad com- 
munications extending from the Hudson to the Delaware. And 
even the Blue Ridge, whose lofty sides seem to present a barrier 
against intercourse with Pennsylvania, has, with more than engin- 
eering power and skill, been penetrated by the mighty Delaware, 
which has at once excavated a passage for its waters, and provided 
a track for railroad intercourse. 



19 

We have now constructed ten railroads leading from the tide 
waters into the rural districts of North Jersey. These works, con- 
trolled hy the natural formations of the country, are so located as to 
give facility of communication to every farming district of the 
several Counties through which they pass; and where, but a few 
years ago it required three days for the farmer to convey a wagon 
load of corn to the market, he may now in as many hours place his 
whole crop upon the wharves of New-York. The geographical 
features of South Jersey are no less remarkable. With sufficient 
elevation for health and cultivation, and sloping gradually toward 
the ocean, the land lies open and free as a prairie, unobstructed by 
rocks, mountains, or impassible streams. In a country like this, 
where, were it not for the depth of the sand, a man might trot a 
horse from Monmouth Court House to Cape Island, there can be no 
insurmountable obstacle to every facility of communication which 
agriculture may require. Nature, at least throughout all this 
district, has not laid any obstruction upon the tracks of railroads. 

In connection with the central roads, several of the fanning 
districts of West Jersey already enjoy the advantages of railroad 
communication; and I trust the time is not far distant when even- 
section of this portion of the State, from the ocean shore to the 
banks of the Delaware, may be encouraged and aided in the de- 
velopment of its agricultural wealth by direct, cheap and convent ut 
ways to the markets of Philadelphia and New-York. 

In making this hasty sketch of the natural advantages and dis- 
advantages of the several sections of the State, we must not forget 
that they are but features in the outline of the whole. The entire 
territory of New-Jersey, its physical formation, and geographical 
position, its medium elevations and salubrious climate, its various 
soils and abundant fertilizing elements, its hills of iron and quarries 
of limestone', its plains of sand and marl, and its numerous mountain 
streams, and ocean inlets and bays, all combined in harmonious and 
useful order, and bounded on either side by two noble rivers ; these 
constitute the, full and perfect picture of our wide and rich field of 
agricultural improvement. 

Farmers of New-Jersey ! You have received this rich inheritance 
from God and your fathers, unincumbered by any despotic : 
or slavish imposition. Your title to tl state is free and all 



20 

You now enjoy the possession under free institutions and equal 
laws. The intelligence of the age in which you live, the lights of 
science, the advancement of art, and the rapid progress of agricul- 
ture, have furnished you with ample means of improvement and 
noble stimulants to enterprise. 

During the Revolution, the place now occupied by this exhibi- 
tion was an entrenched camp. The farmers of seventy-six having 
beaten their plough-shares into swords, stood here armed in heroic 
defence of those lands from which you have gathered in peace the 
abundant productions which crowd this rural Fair. How different 
the scene then, from now ! Then this young and prosperous city 
was but a hamlet. Yonder metropolis of wealth and trade was 
held by an invading army, and all Jersey from the Delaware to the 
Hudson was laid waste by the devastations of war. That was our 
heroic age, when men of stout hands, and brave hearts, were engag- 
ed in rescuing our territory from the grasp of despotic power, that 
they might erect thereon those noble institutions of free govern- 
ment, which now secure your liberties, defend your homesteads, and 
give freedom to your labor. All that patriotic valor could do, to 
give renown to a people in war, has been done by your fathers. It 
remains for you to give equal distinction to the State in peace. Your 
mission commences where theirs left off. Theirs was a struggle for 
national existence, the perilous duty of pulling down old and build- 
ing up new institutions ; yours the emulation of a free people, in 
the improvement of a State already secured in its position by law 
and government. The fields of your warfare are your farms. With 
your implements of husbandry, your flocks and your herds, hus- 
bandman against husbandman, County with County, State against 
State, you are contending for those glorious achievements of agri- 
cultural labor and enterprise, which will clothe your valleys with 
verdure, and crown your native hills with waving harvests and with 
blooming orchards. 



LIST OF PREMIUMS, 



AWARDED BY THE 



$ tto-femg giate Agricultural gntitty, 

AT ITS FIRST EXHIBITION, HELD AT 

CAMDEN, NEW-JERSEY, 
SEPTEMBER 19, 20 & 21, 1855. 



[OFFICIAL.] 

LIST OF PREMIUMS, &c. 

CliASS I.-CATTL.E. 

SH.ORT HORNS. — NATIVE. — NO. 1. 

To B. &C. S. HAINES, of Elizabeth, for best Bui] 

over 3 years old, "Astoria"' 5 years old, -1st 

Premium, - $15.00 

To THOS. G. AYCRIGG, of Passaic, for 2d best 

Bull over 3 years, " Marmion," - - - 10.00 
To ISAAC H. WOOD, of Haddonfield, for 3rd 

best Bull over 3 years, " Comet 2nd," - - 5.1 '■ I 
To ISAAC H. WOOD, for best Cow, "Strawberry," 15.00 
To ISAAC H. WOOD, for 2nd best Cow, " Lucy." 1 1 >.< N I 
To WILLIAM B. COOPER, of Camden, for 3rd 

best Cow, "Strawberry," .... 5,00 
To ALFRED M. TREADWELL, of Morris, for 

best Bull between 2 and 3 years old, " Madison,' - 1 < I.I \Q 
To B. & C. S. HAINES, of Elizabeth, for 2nd 1 

Bull, "Lord Vane Tempest," - - - 8.00 
To WILLIAM K. GASTON, of Middlesex, for 3rd 

best Bull, "Middlesex," - - - - LOO 
To GEORGE HARTSHORNE, of Rakway, for 

best Bull between 1 and 2 years old, " Young 

America," 

To WILLIAM B. COOPER, of Camden, for besl 

Heifer between 1 and 'l years, ."Piedy,"! 



24 

To B. & C. S. HAINES, of Elizabeth, for best Bull 

Calf, " Orion," 8 months old, - - - $5.00 
To WILLIAM B. COOPER, of Camden, for 2nd 

best Bull Calf, " Exeter 3rd," - - - 3.00 
To B. & C. S. HAINES, of Elizabeth, for best Heifer 

Calf, "Nymph 7th," 5.00 

To B. & C. S. HAINES, for 2nd best Heifer Calf, 

" Hopeful 2nd," 3.00> 

IMPORTED SHORT HORNS. — NO. 6. 

To THOMAS RICHARDSON, of Burlington Co., 

for best Bull over 2 years, " Cambridge," - $10.00 

To THOMAS RICHARDSON, for best Heifer over 

2 years, "Laura," 10.00 

To THOMAS RICHARDSON, for best Heifer 

under 2 years, " Rachel," - 8.00 

Special Premiums awarded to 

GEORGE HARTSHORNE, of Rahway, for his fine 

high bred Cow, " Dahlia," - - • Diploma- 

WILLIAM B. COOPER, of Camden, for his Roan 

Cow " Fanny," Diploma. 

ISAAC H. WOOD, of Haddonfield, for two very 

superior Heifer Calves, - - - Diploma. 

NATIVE AND IMPORTED DEVONS. — NOS, 2 & 7. 

To GEORGE D. PARRISH, 1st premium, for Bull 

over 3 years, " Winchester," - - - $15.00 

To A. M. TREAD WELL, of Morris Co., 1st pre- 
mium, for North Devon Bull " Albert," 2 
years, 10.00 

To B. W. COOPER, of Camden, 2nd best Bull, 

"Plough-Boy," 8.00 



25 

To A. M. TREAD WELL, 1st Premium Bull, 1 year 

old, "Reuben 2nd," ----- $8.00 
To B. W. COOPER, 1st premium, Devon Cow, 

" Netta," -.-.--- 15.00 
To. W. B. COOPER, 2nd premium, Cow " Kate," - 10.00 
To B. W. COOPER, 3rd premium, Cow " Rose,"- 5.00 
To W. S. GRATZ, of Burlington, best Heifer 2 

years old "Daisy," 10.00 

To W. B. COOPER, 2nd best Heifer, "Red Bud," 8.00 
To B. W. COOPER, 3rd best Heifer, " Pattie," - 5.00 
To W. B. COOPER, Is premium, Heifer 1 year old, 

" Rose," 8.00 

To B. W. COOPER, 2nd best Heifer, 1 year old, 

"Kate," 6.00 

To B. W. COOPER, 3rd best Heifer, 1 year old, 

"Lilac," - 4.00 

To J. J. MUIRHE AD, for Devon Calf 8 weeks old, 3.00 

AYESHIRES.— NOS. 4 & 9. 

To ALFRED M. TRExVDWELL, 1st premium, for 

Bull " Clinton," 1 year old, - $8.00 

ALDERNEY.— NOS. 5 & 10. 

ToTHOS. W. SATTERTHWAIT, 1st premium, 

for Alderney Bull, $10.00 

CROSS BREEDS.— NO. 11. 

To D. J. ANDERSON, 2d premium, for Bull 3 

years old, $10.00 

To THOMAS G. AYCRIGG, 3d premium, for Bull 

over 3 years old, 8.00 

To GEORGE C. SHAW, 1st premium, for best Bull 

" Vernon," 2 years old, 10.00 



26 

To WM. W. THOMPSON, 1st premium, for best 

Bull 1 year old, $8.00 

To GEO. C. SHAW, 2d prem., for Bull " Prince," 

1 year old, 5.00 

To JAMES M. HUELEY, 1st premium, for best 

Bull Calf, 3.00 

To GEO. 0. SHAW, 1st premium, for best Cow 

"Princess," 6 years old, .... 25.00 

To W. B. COOPER, 2d premium, for Cow " Blos- 
som," over 3 years old, 10.00 

To JAMES M. HUELEY, 3d premium, for Cow 

over 3 years old, 5.00 

To SAMUEL HALZELL, 1st premium, for Heifer 

2 years old, 10.00 

To GEO. HAETSHOENE, 2d premium, for Heifer 

" Blanche," 2 years old, - - - - 8.00 

To THOS. G. AYCEIGG, 1st premium, for Heifer 

1 year old, 10.00 

To THOS. G. AYCEIGG, 2d premium, for Heifer 

1 year old, ....... 8.00 

To SAMUEL HALZELL, 3d premium, for Heifer 

1 year old, ....... 5.00 

To THOS. G. AYCEIGG, 1st premium, for Heifer 

Calf, 5.00 

To JAMES M. HUELEY, 2d premium, for Heifer 

Calf, ' 3.00 

NATIVES. — NO. 12. 

To THOMAS G. AYCEIGG, of Passaic, for Cow 

"Brindle," Diploma. 

WORKING OXEN, &C, No. 13. 

To J. B. EDGAE, of Middlesex, 1st premium, for 

best Yoke of Oxen, $10.00 



27 

To J. BLACK, Jr., for 2nd best Yoke of Oxen, 8.00 
To GEORGE CATTLE, for best Single Yoke 

Steers, 10.00 

To GEORGE CATTLE, for 2nd best Single Yoke 

Steers, 8.00 

MILCH COWS. — NO. 16. 

To J. R. SHOTWELL, of Railway, 1st premium on 

Cow " Fanny," $15.00 

CATTLE FROM OTHER STATES. 

To A. CLEMENT, of Philadelphia, for Alderney 

Bull, 2 years old, 1st premium, - - - $10.00 
To A. CLEMENT, of Philadelphia, for Devon 

Heifer, 1st premium, 10.00 

To G. MARTIN, for Durham Bull "Belvidere,"lst 

premium, 10.00 

To I. N. DeFOREEST, of New- York, Devon Bull 

" Winchester," 1st premium, .... 10.00 



CLASS II.-HORSES. 

STALLIONS FOR ALL WORK. — NO. 19. 

To GEN. WM. IRICK, 1st premium, for Stallion 

"Toronto," $15.00 

To ALLEN FENNIMORE, 2nd premium, for " Bay 

Trafalgar," 10.00 

To C. P. HOLCOMBE, 3rd premium, for " Cham- 
pion," 5.00 

To CLAYTON ZELBY, 4th premium, for " Brown 

Trafalgar," Diploma. 



28 

STALLIONS FOR DRAUGHT, &C. — NO- 20. 

To EDWARD HARRIS, of Morestown, 1st pre- 
mium for Norman Stallion "Diligence," - $15.00 

To T. MIRFORD, 2nd premium for " Sir Charles 

Norman," 10.00 

To McKEAN & BINGHAM, 3rd premium for 

Stallion " Bill," 5.00 

To JOHN VAN METER, 4th premium for Grey 

Stallion, - Diploma. 

To JOHN HUDSON, 1st premium for Roan Mare 

and Colt, 10.00 

To B. W. COOPER, for Draught Horses, Special Diploma. 

THOROUGH BREDS.— -NO. 21. 

To JOHN BUCKLEY, Complimentary Premium 
for Style, Speed and Action, Horse " George 
M. Patchin," $15.00 

THREE YEAR OLD STALLIONS AND MARES. — NO. 22. 

To GEORGE C. SHAW, 1st premium, for Stallion 

" Kimball Jackson," $10.00 

To AUGUSTUS LAUBACH, 2nd premium, for 

Bay Colt " Belfast," 8.00 

To BARZILLA SHREVE, 1st premium, for Mare 

" Bay Toronto," 10.00 

To WILLIAM WISHAM, 2nd premium, for Mare 

"Jenny," 8.00 

To HENRY W. NORTON, 3d premium, for Brown 

Colt, 3.00 

To CHARLES STARK, 1st premium, for Gelding 

"Selim," 10.00 

To J. S. HURLEY, 2nd premium, for Sorrel Colt, 8.00 
To EDWARD HARRIS, Special Premium, for Grey 

Imported Mare, ...... 10.00 



29 

TWO YEAR OLD STALLIONS AND MARES. — NO. 23. 

To HENRY W. NORTON, 1st premium, for Stal- 

liou "John Henry." $10.00 

To GEORGE C. SHAW, 2nd premium, for Stallion 

"Black Hawk/' 5.00 

To J. P. ADAMS, of Burlington, 3rd premium, for 

Stallion " Frank Taylor," - - - Diploma. 
To WILLIAM B. COOPER, 1st premium, for Mare 

"Fanny," ....... $10.00 

ONE YEAR OLD COLTS. — NO. 24. 

To JOHN S. EVANS, 1st premium, for one year 

old Mare, $10.00 

matched horses for carriage and road, 
nos. 25, 26 & 27. 

To DAVID SANDERSON, 1st premium, for best 
pair Fancy Matched Carriage Horses, "Topsy 
and Dandy," over 16 hands high, - - $10.00 

To AARON VANDERVEER, 2nd premium, for 

Matched Carriage Horses, over 16 hands high, 5.00 

To WILLIAM BETTLE, 1st premium, for Bay 

Carriage Horses, under 111 hands high, - 10.00 

To S. J. BAYARD, 1st premium, for Matched 

Horses under 15 hands high, - . - 10.00 

To WM. H. WILLIAMSON, Clover Hill, 1st pre- 
mium, for Matched Mares, .... 10.00 

MATCHED TROTTING HORSES. — NO. 28, 

To GEORGE BOCKIUS, of Camden, 1st premium, 
for Matched Trotting Horses, for style and 
speed, 



30 

GELDINGS AND SINGLE MAKES. — NOS. 29 & 30. 

To JACOB A. FEITTS, 1st premium, for Gelding 

" Comet," $10.00 

To W. J. HATCH, 2nd premium, for Gelding 

"Harry Clay," 5.00 

The Committee make honorable mention of the the single road 
horse "Locomotive," entered by J. Pettit, also of "White Clond," 
(single gelding,) entered by C. Bockins. 

To JACOB S. WILLIAMSON, 1st premium, for 

Brown Mare, 16 1-2 hand high, - - - $10.00 

To ALEXANDER A. POWELL, 2nd premium, for 

Eoad Mare, 6 years old, - - - 5.00 

The Committee make honorable mention of the Brown Chesnut 

Mare entered by William Brown of Rahway, and also of a Mare 5 

years old, entered by Thomas G. Aycrigg. 

SINGLE TROTTING HORSES, MARES AND GELDINGS. — NO. 31. 

To SAMUEL W. COOPER, of Camden, 1st pre- 
mium, for Brown Mare, --.--- $10.00 

To SAMUEL ANDREWS, of Camden, 2nd pre- 
mium, for Trotting Mare, .... 5.00 

To DANIEL BODINE, for Trotting Horse 7 years 

old, Special Diploma. 

HORSES FROM OTHER STATES. — NO. 32. 

To JOHN STOUT, of Philadelphia, 1st premium, 

for best blood Stallion, .... $10.00 
To E. K. CONKLIN, 1st premium, for best pair 

Matched Horses over 16 hands high, - - 10.00 
To M. A. KELLOGG, of Philadelphia, 1st premium, ' 

for Matched Horses under 1G hands high, - 10.00 
To HOWARD TILDEN, 1st premium, for Single 

Horse, "Toronto," .... 5.00 



31 

To A. S. SMALL, of Philadelphia, 1st premium, 

for Single Gelding " Bashaw," - - - 5.00 

To CHAS. T MATHEWS, of Philadelphia, for 

Black Hawk Colt " Othello," - Special Diploma. 

To FRANKLIN S. WELLS, for Horse Colt 16 

months old, Special Diploma. 

JACKS AND MULES. — NO. 33. 

To JAMES BUCKALEW, 1st premium for pair 

Mules, -------- $10.00 

To WALTER FREEMAN, of Philadelphia, 2nd 

premium for Pair Mules, - - - - 8.00 

ToWLLLETTS & BROWNING, 3rd premium for 

Pair Mules, 5.00 



CLASS III.— SHEEP, SWINE & POULTRY. 

LONG AND MIDDLE WOOLED SHEEP. — NOS. 35 to 39. 

To CHARLES HARRISON, of Orange, 1st pre- 
mium, for Merino Buck, - $8.00 

To CHARLES HARRISON, of Orange, 2nd pre- 
mium, for Merino Buck, - 5.00 

To GEORGE HARTSHORNE, 1st premium, for 

South Down Bucks, 2 years old, - - - 8.00 

To GEORGE HARTSHORNE, 2nd premium, for 

South Down Bucks, 2 years old, - - - 5.00 

To GEORGE HARTSHORNE, 1st premium, lor ' 

South Down Bucks under 2 years, - - 8.00 

To GEORGE HARTSHORNE, 2nd premium, for 

South Down Bucks under 2 years, - - 5.00 

To GEORGE HARTSHORNE, 3rd premium for 

South Down Bucks under 2 years, - - 3.00 



32 

To GEORGE HARTSHORNE, 1st premium, for 

Pen 5 South Down Ewes under 2 years, - 8.00 
To GEORGE HARTSHORNE, 1st premium, for 

Pen 3 South Down Buck Lambs, - - 5.00 
To GEORGE HARTSHORNE, 2nd premium, for 

Pen 3 South Down Buck Lambs, - Diploma. 
To GEORGE HARTSHORNE, 1st premium, for 

Pen 3 South Down Ewe Lambs, - - 5.00 
To GEORGE HARTSHORNE, for Coteswold 

Buck, ------ Special Diploma . 

To GEORGE HARTSHORNE, 1st premium, for 

Pen Coteswold Ewe Lambs, - 5.00 

To GEORGE 0. SHAW, 1st premium, for best 

Coteswold Buck 3 years old, - - - 8.00 
To LEVI L. KANE, for Four Horned Buck, Diploma. 

SHEEP FEOM OUT THE STATE. — NOS. 40 & 41. 

To BRYAN JACKSON, of Delaware, 1st premium, 

for best Long Wooled Buck, - - - $8.00 

To AARON CLEMENT, of Philadelphia, 1st pre- 
mium, for best Buck, Middle Wooled, - - 8.00 

To AARON CLEMENT, of Philadelphia, 1st pre- 
mium for Pen 5 Ewes, Middle Wooled, - 8.00 

To DR. EMERSON, of Philadelphia, for Mixed 

Tartar Sheep, ----- Diploma. 

swine. — no. 42. 

ToB. W. COOPER, Camden, 1st premium, for 

Berkshire Boar, ------ $8.00 

To GEORGE HARTSHORNE, 2nd premium, for 

Berkshire Boar, - - - - - - 3.00 

To J. W. EDGAR, of Middlesex, for very fine 

Boar, ------- Diploma. 



33 

To GEO. HARTSHORNE, 1st premium, Sow for 

breeding, - - 8.00 

To B. W. COOPER, 2d premium, Sow for breeding, 3.00 

To J. B. EDGAR, 1st premium, lot of 5 Pigs, - 8.00 
To J. II. COLES, 2nd premium, lot of Pigs, - Diploma. 

To JOHN GRIFFEY, 1st premium, Barrow, - 5.00 

To Wm. COFFREY, 2nd premium, Barrow, - • 2.00 

POULTRY. — NO. 43. 

To B. W. COOPER, 1st premium, for Coop of Jer- 
sey Blues, $3.00 

To B. W. COOPER, 1st premium, 1 coop African 

Bantams, 3.00 

To G. H. YARD, of Trenton, 1st premium, for Exhi- 
bition of Poultry, 10.00 

To Master J. TERIIUNE FRAZEE, 1st premium, 

for trio Golden Seabright Bantams, - - - 3.00 

To Master ALBERT HATCH, Camden, 1st prem. 

for display of White Bantams, ... 3. 00 

To FRANCIS BOGGS, 1st premium, for Mixed 

East India Geese, 3.00 

To JOHN LIPPINCOTT, of Pennsylvania, for 

trio Wild Ducks, Diploma. 

To R. S. HAINES, 2nd premium, for trio Golden 

Seabright Bantams, .... Diploma. 

To L. M. PERKINS, of Rahway, 1st premium, for 

pair of Turkeys, 3.00 

To R. S. HAINES, 1st premium, for trio Silver 

Seabrights, 3.00 

To R. S. HAINES, Wood-Duck & Grey Squirrels, Diploma. 

To ALLEN CUTHBERT, 2nd premium, for dis- 
play of Chickens, Diploma. 



34 



CLASS IV.— PLOUGHING IMPLEMENTS, 
MACHINERY, etc. 

PLOUGHING. — NO. 44. 

To GEO. BLAKE, Fox Chase, Penn., using Buck- 
man & Wiggin's Plough, No. 10, 1st premium, $10.00 

To SPAEKS HARROLD, Mullica Hill, N. J., 

using Kaighn's Plough, locked irons, 2d prem., 8.00 

To ELWOOD LUKENS, Haddonfield, N. J., using 
D. Miles' High Mould Board Plough, D. Lan- 
dreth & Sons, manufacturer, 3rd premium, - 6.00 

To ASA B. MUNN, Orange, N. J., using Myers' 
Bergen Plough, No. 11, with Ox team, 4th 
premium, 4.00 

To THOMAS KING, of Camden, N. J., using 
Kaighn's Plough, No. 8, self-sharpener, 5th 
premium, 2.00 

The Committee award Diplomas, as follows, to Ploughs 
which were tested on the field in their presence : 

Double Mould Board, or Michigan Plough, entered 

by C. B. EOGEES. 
Mape's Lifting Sub-soil Plough, entered by H. C. 

VAIL. 

The following Ploughs did very creditable work. 

O. B. Rogers' Plough, No. 2. 
Myers' Plough, No. 9 1-2. 

FARM IMPLEMENTS, NO. 1.— NO. 45. 

To THOMAS CASTOR, 1st premium, for best 

Farm Wagon, ...... 5.Q0 



35 

To PASCHAL MORRIS & CO., 1st premium, for 

Harrow, large Double Scotch, - - - 5.00 

To D. LANDRETH, 2nd premium, for Expanding 

Harrow, Diploma. 

To P. MORRIS & CO., 1st premium, for Boas' 

Corn Cultivator, ------ 5.00 

To D. LANDRETH, 2nd premium, for Expanding 

Cultivator, Cranmer Teeth, - - - Diploma. 
To P. MORRIS & CO., 1st premium, for Roberts' 

Fanning Mill, 5 - 00 

To P. MORRIS & CO., 2nd premium, for Keeler's 

Fanning Mill, Diploma. 

To P. MORRIS & CO., 1st premium, for Daniell's 

Corn Stalk Cutter, 5.00 

To C. B. ROGERS, 2nd premium, for Young Sam 

Corn Stalk Cutter, .... Diploma. 

To C. B. ROGERS, 1st premium, for Daniell's Hay 

and Straw Cutter, 5.00 

To P. MORRIS & CO., 1st premium, for Blakin's 

Clover Machine, - 5.00 

To C. B. ROGERS, 2nd premium, for Clover 

Huller, Diploma. 

To C. B. ROGERS, 1st premium, for Revolving 

Horse Rake, - - • $4-00 

To JOSEPH JONES, 2nd premium, for Horse Hay 

Rakes, ■ " Diploma. 

To P. MORRIS & CO., 1st premium, for Vosc's Ox 

Yoke, - - - --- $2.00 

ToD. LANDRETn, 2nd premium, for Ox Yokes, Diploma 
To C. B. ROGERS, 1st premium, for Iron Roller, $5.00 
To JOSEPH KAIGHN, 2nd premium, for Wooden 

Roller, ...--- Diploma. 

To C. W. SEELY, special premium, for Hay, Straw 

and Corn Stalk Cutter, .... $5.00 



36 

The following Special Diplomas have been awarded for articles 
not included in the Schedule : 

To P. MORRIS & CO., for Blake's Improved Hay 
Drag, also for two Garden Rollers. 

To YEOMAN'S & CO., for four Omnibus Wheels. 

To C. B. ROGERS, for a Hand Clover Seed Sower. 

To EMORY & BROS., for a Cider Mill and Press. 

To P. MORRIS & CO., for 2nd best Cider Mill. 

To JOHN C. EASTLACK, for best Log Pump, - 5.00 

To E. C. HULL, for best Corn Planter. 

To P. MORRIS & CO., for best Butter Worker. 

FARM IMPLEMENTS, NO. 2. — NO. 46. 

To LACEY & PHILLIPS, of Philadelphia, 1st 

premium, for Carriage Harness, - - - 5.00 
To LACEY & PHILLIPS, Philadelphia, 1st prem., 

for Single Harness, - - - • 5.00 

To E. P. MOYER & BROS., 1st premium, for Gents 

Riding Saddle, 5.00 

To P. MORRIS & CO., 1st premium, for best Dozen 

Axes, (Beatty's make,) .... 5. 00 

To S. WARRING, 1st premium, for Dickerson's 

Improved Churn, ..... 5.00 

To P. MORRIS & CO., 2nd premium, for Spain's 

Atmospheric Barrel Churn, - - Diploma. 

To P. MORRIS & CO., 2nd premium, for Grain 

Cradle, (Grant, maker,) - - - Diploma. 
To J. B. DRAKE, 1st premium, for Grain Cradle, $3.00 

To P. MORRIS & CO., 1st premium, for twelve 

Hand Rakes, (made by Samuel Hall,) - - 3.00 

To P. MORRIS & CO., 1st premium, for Six Hay 

Forks, (Stevens, Peck & Co., makers,) - 8.00 



37 

To P. MORRIS & CO., 1st premium, for Six Grass 

Scythes, (Waldron, maker,) - - - 3.00 

To P. MORRIS & CO., 1st premium, for Six Cradle 

Scythes, (Waldron, maker,) - - - 3.00 

To P. MORRIS & CO., 1st premium, for Snath and 

Scythe, - 3.00 

To P. MORRIS &CO., 1st premium, for Six Manure 

Forks, (Stevens, Peck & Co., makers,) - 3.00 
To P. MORRIS & CO., 1st premium, for Lot of 

Grain Measures, (Spain, maker,) - - 3.00 
To J. H. ALLEN & CO., 1st premium, for Dozen 

Wire Brooms, 3.00 

To J. H. ALLEN & CO., 1st premium, for Dozen 

Twine Tied Brooms, (J. J. & A. Van Epps,) 3.00 

The Committee recommend Diplomas for the following : 

To ALLEN & NEEDLES, for samples of Can- 

cerine and Super-Phosphate of Lime. 
To GEO. H. LEINAN, for American Fertilizer. 
To D. LANDRETH, for an Independent Tooth 

Hay Raker. 
To BENJAMIN SHOURDS, for Warner's Electric 

Churn. 
To S. BATEMAN, for display of Garden Rakes, 

Potatoe Drags and Forks. 
To I. S. CLOUGH, for Shovels and Spades, and 

Yankee Axe Handles, (for the American Shovel 

Co.) 

FARM IMPLEMENTS, NO. 3. — NO. 47. 

To JOSHUA COLEMAN, for display of Hamcs, 

(by N. J. Angular Hame Co.,) - - Diploma. 
To A. C. FOUSTON, for Self Supporting Scaffold, Diploma. 



38 

To P. MORRIS & CO., for Knox's Horse Hoes, 

Nos. 1, 2 and 3, - - - - Diploma. 
To P. MORRIS & CO., for Robinson's Improved 

Patent Wheel Hoe, .... Diploma. 
To P. MORRIS & CO., special premium, for 

Cooper's Lime and Guano Spreader, - - $10,00 
To P. MORRIS & CO., 1st premium, for Smith's 

Great Western Corn Sheller, (horse power,) 5.00 

To ROSS, SCOTT & CO., Philadelphia, for Little 

Giant Corn Cob Crusher, - - - Diploma. 

To ROSS, SCOTT & CO., Philadelphia, for Nimble 

Giant Mill, Diploma. 

To P. MORRIS & CO., for Landreth's Revolving 

Sausage Chopper, - - - . Diploma. 

To P. MORRIS & CO., for display of Bill and 

Brier Hooks, ..... Diploma. 

To P. MORRIS & CO., 1st premium, for Dog 

Power, $3.00 

To C. B. ROGERS, 1st premium, for best Collection 
of Agricultural and Garden Tools, manufactur- 
ed in N. J., 15.00 

MACHINERY, NO. NO. 48. 

To EVANS & WATSON, for Salamander Safes, Diploma. 
To EVANS & WATSON, for four Bank Locks, Diploma. 
To R. C. JUSTICE, for Self Acting Gate, Diploma. 

To GEORGE VAIL & CO., Morristown, N. J., 

for Portable Steam Engine, - - Diploma. 
To WM. FIELDS & S. GERHARD, for Pressure 

Water Wheel, Diploma. 

To PASCHAL, MORRIS & CO., 1st premium for 

Full Set of Draining Tools, - - - $10.00 

To P. MORRIS & CO., for Wire Flower Stands, Diploma. 



39 

To P. MORRIS & CO., 1st premium, for Wire 

Fencing, (5 sizes,) - - - - 5.00 

To M ANOAH ALDEN, for Patent Blower, - Diploma. 

To J. SMART, for Brass Double Acting Lift and 

Force Pumps, Diploma. 

To ABBOTT & CO., 1st premium, for Cattle and 

Hay Scales, 10.00 

To JOHN TREMPER, for Safety Lever Attach- 
ment, ----.-. Diploma. 

To P. J. GRAY, for Foster's Improved Printing 

Press, Diploma. 

To C. D. FLINT, for Safety Rail Road Crossing, 

Special Diploma. 

To A. L. ARCHAMBAULT, for Portable Steam 

Saw Mill Engine, - Diploma. 

To GLOUCESTER AMERICAN PORCELAIN 

MANUFACTURING CO., for assortment of 

Porcelain Ware, .... Diploma. 

To FOSTER, JESSUP & CO., for Patent Grain 

Drill Special Diploma. 

To G. W. HILDRETH, 1st premium, for Iron 

Gang Plow, $10-00 

To C. B. ROGERS, Camden, for best collection or 

assortment of Ploughs in use in this country, Diploma, 
To PASCHAL, MORRIS & CO., for best Edged 

Tools, Diploma. 

To WM. FIELDS, 1st premium, for Hydraulic 

Ram, $ 3 - 00 

To THOMAS J. KNAPP, Frankford, Pa., for 

Spoke and Tenoning Machine, - - Diploma. 
To S. JONES, for Brown's Patent Morticing 

Machine, Diploma. 

To JOHN TREMPER, for Self Closing, Self Pack- 
ing, Accommodation Valves, - - Diploma. 



40 

To A. C BROWN, for Hydraulic Ram, - Diploma. 
To JOSHUA YOUNG, for Improved Knife and 

Scissors Sharpeners, .... Diploma. 
To T. WALTER, Jr., for Pierson's Patent Model 

Hoop and Moulding Machine, - - Diploma. 

To CHAS. LIPPENCOTT, for Draining Tile, Diploma. 
To JOSEPH BOMHARD, for Church Bell, Diploma. 

To DUBOIS & SIMMONS, for assortment of Cooper 

Ware, Diploma. 

To C. B. ROGERS, for Pea Planter, - - Diploma. 
To C. B. ROGERS, for Mumma's One Horse Grain 

Drill, with Guano Spreader, - - Diploma, 
To PASCHAL, MORRIS & CO., 2nd premium, for 

lot Carpenters Tools, $2.00 

To SINGER & CO., for Sewing Machine, - Diploma, 
To C. B. ROGERS, for Ditching Machine, - Diploma. 
To S. S. ALLEN, for Allen's Patent Mower and 

Reaper, with Self Raker, - - - Diploma. 
To ISAAC ALDRIDGE, for Automaton Apple 

Pearer, Diploma. 

To C. B. ROGERS, for Little Giant Corn Mill, Diploma. 

To NEWARK MACHINE CO., for Planing 

Machine, Diploma. 

To D. LANDRETH, for Miles' High Mould Board 

Plough, Diploma. 

To HOSE A WILLARD, for Sampson Patent Hay 

Scale, Diploma. 

To C. B. ROGERS, for Agricultural Furnace, Diploma. 
To C. B. ROGERS, for Giant Corn Mill, (large,) Diploma. 
To C. B. ROGERS, for Woodbury's Patent Horse 

Power Grain Thresher and Cleaner, - Diploma. 



41 

To S. C. HARBERT, Salem, N. J., 1 case Artificial 

Teeth, ...... Diploma. 

To N. Y. GAS REGULATOR CO., for Kidder's 

Patent Gas Regulator, - - - Diploma. 

To THOMAS B. SCOTT, for Life Preserver, Diploma. 

To MARTIN, ULRICK, for Domestic Willow 

Baskets, ...... Diploma. 

To PASCHALL MORRIS & CO., 1st premium 

for Dederick's Hay Presser, - - - $5.00 

To NEWARK MANUFACTURING CO., for 

Horse Power, ..... Diploma. 

To DIETZ & DUNHAM, for Mower and Reaper, 

(Cam. motion,) - - - Special Diploma. 

To S. S. ALLEN, for S. S. Allen's Mower, Reaper 

and Self Raker, - - - Special Diploma. 

To HORATIO N. BLACK, for Machine for Clean- 
ing and Drying Grain, - - - Diploma. 



BUTTER. — NO. 49. 

To A. McDANIELLS, 1st premium, for best 251bs. 

Butter, - - $10.00 

CHEESE, HONEY, HIVES, ETC.— NO. 50. 

To BENJAMIN TAYLOR, 1st premium, for 

1001 bs. Cheese, $10.00 

To E. W. PHELPS, 1st premium, for Ohio Com- 
bination Bee nive, .... Diploma. 

To P. J. MAHAN, for Display of Hives and 

Bees, - .... Diploma. 



42 

GRAIN AND SEEDS. — NO. 51. 

To EDWARD CRAFT, 1st premium, for Bushel 

Rye, $3.00 

To B. W. COOPER, 2nd premium, for Bushel 

Rye, Diploma. 

To CHARLES KAIGHN, for Basket Corn Ears, Diploma. 

To CHALKLEY GLOYER, for Bushel Timothy 

Seed, Diploma. 

VEGETABLES. — NO. 52. 

To JACOB SALTER, Gardener to 0. M. Saxton, 

1st premium, for Twelve Table Beets, - - $2.00 
To JOHN CLEMENT, 2nd premium, for Twelve 

Table Beets, - - - - - Diploma. 

To J. R. SHOTWELL, 1st premium, for Twelve 

Best Parsnips, $2.00 

To JAMES BUCHALO, 1st premium, for Twelve 

Best Onions, $2.00 

To JOHN CLEMENT, 2nd premium, for Twelve 

Onions Diploma. 

To J. HORNER, 1st premium, for Six Heads 

Cabbage, $2.00 

To JOHN REDFIELD, 2nd premium, for Six 

Heads Cabbage, .... Diploma. 

To J. W. WILKINS, 1st premium, for Twelve 

Tomatoes, $2.00 

To J. RICHMOND, 2nd premium, for Twelve 

Tomatoes, Diploma. 

To J. B. HORNER, 1st premium, for Two Egg 

Plants, $2.00 

To B. W. COOPER, 2nd premium, for Two Egg 

Plants, Diploma. 

To WILLIAM COOK, 1st premium, for best Bushel 

Sweet Potatoes, - $2.00 



43 

To JOHN S. HEWITT, 2nd premium, for Bushel 

Sweet Potatoes, Diploma. 

To C. CROTCHET, 1st premium, for Half Peck 

Lima Beans, $2.00 

To W. S. GRATZ, 2nd premium, for Half Peck 

Lima Beans, ..... Diploma. 

To THOMAS A. CLEMENT, 1st premium, for 

Twelve Summer Radishes, - - - $2.00 

To J. R. SHOTWELL, 1st premium, for Three 

Garden Squashes, $2.00 

To R. T. HAINES, 1st premium, for Three Large 

Squashes, $2.00 

To S. WINNER, 1st premium, for Field Pumpkin, $2.00 
To C. SUCHET, 2nd premium, for Field Pumpkins, 

Diploma. 
To CHARLES KAIGHN, lstpremium, for Twelve 

Ears Yellow Seed Corn, .... $2.00 
To JOSEPH A. BURROUGH, 1st premium, for 

Twelve Ears Sweet Seed Corn, - - - $2.00 
To JOHN CLEMENT, 2nd premium, for Twelve 

Ears Sweet Seed Corn, - - - Diploma. 
To E. EDWARDS, 1st premium, for Half Peck 

Table Potatoes, $2.00 

To CLAYTON RULAN, 2nd premium, for Half 

Peck Table Potatoes, .... Diploma. 

The Committee make the following Special Awards 
for articles not in Schedule : 

To JAMES J. CONOVER, for display of Field 

Beets, ...--. Diploma. 

To R. T. HAINES, for display of Field Beets, Hon. Mem 
ToE. EDWARDS, for display Fox Eye Potatoes, Diploma. 
To W. COMBES, for display Pink Eye Potatoes, Diploma 



44 

To PATRICK D. QUINN, for Six Egg Plants, Diploma. 
To JOHN CLEMENT, for display of Garden 

Vegetables, - - - Norton's Elements Ag. 
To NATHAN PERKINS, for Basket Peppers, Diploma. 
To J. HORNER, for Basket Peppers, - Hon. Mem. 
To JACOB SALTER, Gardener to C. M. Saxton, 

for lot fine Mexican Potatoes, - - Diploma. 
To D. A. BULKLEY, Williamstown, Mass., for 

Half Peek fine Stone Hill Potatoes, - Diploma. 

GRAIN, FLOUR, ETC. — NO. 53. 

To DINGEE & BRO., for display of Hecker's 

Farina & Hecker's Maccaroni, Special Diploma. 

To ELY CRUPP, for Essence Coffee, - Diploma. 
To A. M. McCULLOCH & CO., for Preparation 

Turkey Coffee, Diploma. 

To JAMES GIBBONS, for American Prepared 

Coffee, Diploma. 

To MRS. CARTER, of Camden, for Loaf Domestic 

Bread, ...... Diploma. 

To E. SCHNERDER, of Camden, for -display 

Baker's Bread, - Diploma. 

To W. & E. H. HAWKINS, of Philadelphia, 1st 

premium, for Barrel Flour, - - - $10.00 

To T. V. D. HOAGLAND, special premium, for 

Bag Wheat Flour, 5.00 

To T. V. D. HOAGLAND, for bag Graham Flour, Diploma. 



45 



CLASS VI. 

DOMESTIC MANUFACTURES, NO. 1. — NO. 54. 

To J. C. De La COUR, for Show Case Drugs, Diploma. 

To MESSRS. P. PRESWICK, Sussex Co., for One 

Pair Woolen Hose, .... Diploma. 

To MARK BURROUGH, for Three Pieces Rag 

Carpet, -_-..- Diploma. 

To J. H. COLE, 1st premium, for Blankets and 

Coverlets, $5.00 

To J. KIRKBRIDE, 2nd premium, for Blankets 

and Coverlets, ...... 3.00 

To JAMES TAYLOR, of Philadelphia, for Speci- 
men of Stuffed Birds, &c., - - - Diploma. 

DOMESTIC MANUFACTURES, NO. 2. — NO. 55. 

To MRS. JOSEPH PETTIT, for Bed Valence, Diploma. 
To MISS R. A. HALL, Trenton, for Plain Needle 

Work, Diploma. 

To SAMUEL ROBERTS, 1st premium, for Woolen 

Stockings, .-- ... $2.00 

To MILES C. SMITH, New-Brunswick, for Elastic 

Carpets and Car Linings, - - Special Diploma. 

MANUFACTURES NOT DOMESTIC. — NO. 56. 

To L. M. WILDEN, for display of Cotton Cordage, 

Diploma. 

To GLOUCESTER MANUFACTURING CO., 
for Specimens of Bleached and Colored Cotton 
Fabrics, ... - Diploma. 



46 

NEEDLE, SHELL AND WAX-WORK. — NO. 57. 

To MRS. WEBB, of Camden, 1st premium, for 

best Silk Embroidery, .... $2.00 

To MRS. PECK, 1st premium, for Cloak or Cape 

Embroidery, $2.00 

To MISS ELLEN GLOVER, 1st premium, for 

French Needle Work — Collar and Handker- 
chief, $3.00 

To MARY B. HATCH, 2nd premium, for French 

Needle Work, $2.00 

To MRS. CLEMSEN, N. B., 1st premium, for 

Worsted Embroidery, $2.00 

To MRS. R, COURTNEY, 1st premium, for Chair 

Cushion and Back, $3.00 

To MRS. BISB Y, 2nd premium, for Chair Cushion 

and Back, Diploma. 

To MISS CAROLINE HATCH, 1st premium, for 

Ottoman Cover, - - - - - $2.00 

To MISS GREGORY, 2nd premium, for Ottoman 

Cover, Diploma. 

To MISS H. SLOAN, 1st premium, for Silk 

Bonnet, Diploma. 

To MRS. HARRIET MYERS, 1st premium, for 

Ornamental Shell Work, .... $2.00 
To MRS. E. F. ROBERTS, 1st premium, for 

Crayon Paintings, $3.00 

The Committee award Diplomas for the following 
articles not mentioned in the Schedule : 

MRS. J. B. DAYTON, for Needle Work Dress. 
WM. CONWAY, of Philadelphia, ibr display of 

Soap and Candles. 
MR. SEARL, for Case Butterflies. 



47 

MRS. STRING, for Bed Quilt. . 

WM, MANN, for display of Lithoap>hic Checks 

and Blank Books. 
MRS. PRESINCK, of Sussex, N. J., for Silk Bed 

Quilt. 
ELIZA J. RECKLESS, for a Counterpane. 

FLOWERS, PLANTS AND DESIGNS. — NO. 58. 

To FREDERICK BOURGUIN, for best Dissimilar 

Dahlias, - Diploma. 

To CHAS. SUCHET, for Display German Asters 

and Pansies, Diploma. 

To J. B. COOPER, 1st premium, for Floral Design, $3.00 

To MISS ANNA STROUD, for Ornamental Lamp 

Shade, Botanical Design, special award, - $5.00 



CL.ASS VII. 

FRUITS. — NOS. 59 & 60. 

To EDWIN CRAFT, of Clarkboro, 1st premium, 
for greatest number of Apples of Good Variety, 
and best specimens correctly named, - - $10.00 

To CHARLES HARRISON, Salem, N. J., 2nd 

premium, for do. $5.00 

To DR. J. M. WARD, Newark, 1st premium, for 
best Twenty Varieties of Apples, best grown 
and correctly named, three specimens of each, $5.00 

To DAVID PETTIT, of Salem, 2nd premium, 

for do. $2.00 

To M. J. PERKINS, of Rahway, 1st premium, for 
best Twelve Varieties of Apples, six specimens 
of each, $3.00 



48 

To RICHARD T. HAINES, of Elizabeth, 1st pre- 
mium, for greatest number of good varieties of 
Pears, best spec%ens correctly named, three of 
each, ------- -$10,00 

To WM. PARRY, of Cinnaminson, 2d premium, - $5.00 
To DR. J. M. WARD, of Newark, 1st premium, 

for best Twenty varieties of Pears, - - - $5.00 

To JAMES VAN DEVENTER, Princeton, 1st pre- 
mium, for best Six Varieties Pears, six each, $3.00 

To. H. C. VAIL, Newark, 2nd premium, for do. Diploma. 

To P. B. HORNER, Camden, 1st premium, for 

best Twelve Peaches, one variety, - - $2.00 

To D. PETTIT, Salem, 1st premium, for best 

Basket Peaches, Imperial Yellow, - - $5.00 

To JOSEPH RICHMOND, Camden, 2nd premium, 

for best Basket Peaches, Imperial Yellow, - $3.00 

To WM. PARRY, 1st premium, for best Dozen 

Quinces, $3.00 

To MRS. J. W. McCURDY, Camden, 2nd pre- 
mium, for Dozen Quinces, - $2.00 

To FREDERICK BOURGUIN, 1st premium, for 

greatest number varieties Good Native Grapes, $5.00 

To A. D. NEWELL, 2nd premium, for best one 

variety Native Grapes, .... $2.00 

To JOSEPH RICHMOND, Camden, 1st premium, 

for specimens Water Melons, - - - $5.00 

To JOSEPH HATCH, Camden, 2nd premium, for 

Water Melons, Diploma. 

The Committee recommend the following Complimentary 
Awards : 

To ABRAHAM TITLOW, for display of six 

Varieties Pears, .... Diploma. 



49 

To WM. M. COOPER, for Six Baskets fine Apples, 

Downing on Fruits. 

To JOSEPH M. KAIGHN for collection of Thirty 

fine Varieties of Apples, - - Vol. of Thomas. 

To WM H. LEEDS, for basket Maiden's Blush 

Apples, Vol. Barry. 

To ISAAC STILES, for One Bushel fine Fall 

PippinS) ..- - Norton's Prize Essay. 

To WM. PARRY, for Collection of Apples, 57 

varieties, - - - - Vol. on Horticulture. 
To RICHARD T. HAINES, of Elizabeth, for fine 

Collection of Apples, - . - Downing. 

To WM. H. MASON, of Camden, for choice collec- 
tion of Maiden's Blush Apples, Vol. Horticulture. 
To. J. PERKINS for 82 varieties of Apples, Fruit Grower. 

To EDGEMONT, Pa., for basket Howard 

Seeding Apples, - - - Vol. on Pomology. 
To WM. REID, of Elizabeth, for 100 varieties of 

Pears, (not on competition,) - - Diploma. 
To JOHN BRILL, Newark, for choice collection of 

Pears, 14 varieties, ... - Downing. 
To JOHN LIPPINCOTT, Moorestown, for Dish 

Extra Bartlett Pears, - - Vol. Horticulture. 
To J. HATCH, of Camden, for Basket fine 

Bartletts, .... Vol. fiolticulture. 

To WELLS & PROVOST, for Self Sealing and 

Preserving Cans, .... Diploma. 

To JAMES WILCOX, for Improved Glass Pre- 
serving Jar, ..... Diploma. 
To MILES B. ESPY, of Philadelphia, for General 

displav of Preserved Fruits, Pickles, &c, Diploma. 

To JAMES WILCOX, for Self Heating Rotary 

Smoothing Irons, - - - Diploma. 



50 

To MARY A. LIPPINCOTT, lor display of Pre- 
serves, Diploma. 

To MRS. THOMAS H. DUDLEY, for display of 

Brandied Peaches, .... Diploma, 

To MRS. B. H. BROWNING, for display of Jellies 

and Preserved Apples, - - - Diploma. 

POINTINGS, MAPS, &C. — NO. 61. 

To J. HAINES, for Drawing of Steam Engine 

and Screw, Diploma- 
To L. F. FISSLER, Jr., for Crayon Head, - Diploma. 
To LIEUT. E. VIELE, for Topographical Map, 
of Sussex Co., N. J., special premium. 
The Judges basing their award upon the origin- 
ality of its plan, beauty of its execution, and 
the higher property of extreme mathematical 
accuracy. Diploma. 



CLASS VIII. 

COOKING AND PARLOR STOVES. — NOS. 62 & 63. 

To DINGEE & BRO., for Heeker's Farina Mould, Diploma. 

To F. C. TREADWELL, for Heeker's Farina 

Boiled, Diploma. 

To EDGAR G. SHEBLE, 1st premium, for Cook- 
ing Range, $3.00 

To MORRIS & CO., Philadelphia, 2nd premium, 

for Cooking Range, .... Diploma. 

To MORRIS & CO., for Wrought Iron Boiler, Diploma. 

To A. F. WARNOCK, for A. Barstow's Parlor 

Stoves, ...... Diploma. 

To MULLER, JUSTICE & GRABER, for display 

of Fire Bricks, .... Diploma. 



51 

To DR. JOSEPH T. ROW AND, for Machine Made 

Bricks from Untempered Clay, - - Diploma. 

To PHILLIPS & BANT A, Newark, for Portable 

Ovans, - Diploma. 

To J. PEYTON, for specimen Cannel Coal Nigger, Diploma. 

To EDGAR G. SHEBLE, 1st premium, for Flat 

Top Cooking Stove, $3.00 

To EDGAR G. SHEBLE, for Fire Board Stove, Diploma. 

SILVER WARE, ETC. — NO. 64. 

To JESSE W. STARR, Camden, for display of 

Silver Ware, - Diploma. 

To CATHARINE BROWNING, for pair Chinese 

Vases, - Diploma. 

ToEASTLACK & BORRONS, Philadelphia, for 

display of Artificial Teeth, - - Diploma- 

To A. GALBRAITH, for Vase of Birds, - Diploma. 
To J. W. STARR, for display of Silver Plated 

Ware and Carpenter's Tools, - - Diploma. 
To B. C. EVERETT : Philadelphia, for articles for 

Medical and Surgical Uses, - - - Diploma. 
To C. MARSH & CO., for do. - - Diploma. 
To J. LUKENS, for Plate Mineral Teeth, - Diploma. 

LEATHER, HATS, CAPS, ETC. — NO. 65. 

To VVM. M. MURPHY, for display of Blank 

Books, Diploma. 

To EVANS & SANDS, Philadelphia), lor Case 

Boot and Shoe Up; - - - Diploma, 

To S. S. ARMSTRONG, Philadelphia, for disp 

of Harness Leather, - - - Diploma. 

T.» BROOKS k L1VESEY, for dismay of Upper 

Leather and Sides, .... Diploma. 



52 

To N. BRUNSWICK RUBBER CO., for splendid 

display of Rubber Boots and Shoes, Special Diploma. 

To JOHN W. STOUT, N. B., for one dozen Calf 

Skins, ------ Diploma. 

CABINET WARE, ETC. — NO. 66. 

To MARTIN ULRICK, Philadelphia, for assort- 
ment of Willow Goods and Osiers, - Diploma. 

To A. BRITTON & CO., Philadelphia, for display 

of Venetian Blinds, - Diploma. 

To HENRY F. KNIGHT, Philadelphia, for Three 

Wire Shades, Diploma. 

To CAPEWELL & BRO., Philadelphia, for assort- 
ment Flint Glass Ware, - - . Diploma. 

To REED & BRO., Camden, for display of Paper 

Hangings, Diploma. 

To ROBERT W. KENSAL, Philadelphia, for 

Venetian Blinds, . Diploma. 

To G. B. MUTEER, for Furniture Polish, - Diploma, 

To JOSEPH H. FRENCH, for 6 Truck Baskets, Diploma 

To M. A. HOWELL, N. B., for assortment of Paper 

Hangings, (very rich,) - - Special Diploma. 

To FOLWELL & HERRING, for Fire Proof Safes, Diploma. 

To JACOB S. CODLINGS, 1st premium, for dis- 
play of Carriages, $5.00 

To CLARK S. HUTCHINSON, for Single Top 

Buggy and Pole, - - . Diploma* 

To PERSEVERANCE HOSE CO., of Camden, for 

New Hose Carriage, - - - Diploma. 

To W. W. ANDERSON, for lot fine Carriage 

Parts, Diploma. 



53 

To THOMAS GASTON, for Improved Farm 

Wagon, ------ Diploma. 

To BUSHNELL & TULL, Philadelphia, for dis- 
play of Juvenile Carriages, (very fine,) - Diploma. 

HATS, CAPS, ETC. — NO. 68. 

To STEPHEN TITUS, for Case Gents Hats and 

Caps, Diploma. 

To MPS. E. HOFFMAN, Camden, for Case Gents 

Stocks, Diploma. 



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